Choosing a steel structure grid structure suitable for sports venues requires comprehensive consideration of multiple factors. The following are specific points:

1. Span and spatial requirements
For sports venues with small spans (generally less than 30 meters), simple flat truss systems such as cross truss systems can be used, which have simple construction and good economy.
When the span is between 30-60 meters, it is possible to consider placing a square pyramid grid structure in an upright position, which has uniform stress and high spatial stiffness.
For large-span (over 60 meters) sports venues, such as large Olympic sports centers, it is more suitable to use forms with better spatial stress performance, such as inclined quadrangular pyramid grids and triangular pyramid grids, which can effectively reduce the internal forces of members and save materials.
2. Function and usage requirements
Multi functional sports venues require spacious and flexible spaces to meet the needs of various events and activities. They can adopt a suspended dome structure to achieve column free space over large spans and adapt to different functional layouts.
Professional ball sports venues, such as basketball courts, badminton courts, etc., consider the requirements of space height and line of sight for games, and can choose forms such as high grid height and wide field of view evacuated square pyramid grid to reduce the obstruction of the audience's line of sight.
3. Architectural design requirements
If sports venues pursue unique appearance shapes, such as curved surfaces, irregular shapes, etc., they can use free-form surface grid structures. Through the reasonable arrangement of grid members and node design, various complex architectural shapes can be achieved, such as the polyhedral spatial rigid frame structure of the National Aquatics Center "Water Cube".
For sports venues with regular and traditional shapes, conventional regular polygonal grid structures such as hexagonal grid structures can be used, which not only meet functional requirements but also have a simple and beautiful effect.
4. Economic factors
From the perspective of material cost, steel pipe truss is more economical than steel section truss. Under the premise of meeting the stress requirements, steel pipe truss should be preferred.
In terms of construction cost, the installation speed of bolted ball node grid is fast, which can shorten the construction period and reduce construction costs; Although the processing cost of welded ball node truss is relatively low, the on-site welding workload is large and the construction period is long. It is necessary to weigh and choose based on specific circumstances.
5. Environmental and climatic conditions
In areas with high wind loads, such as coastal cities, a grid structure with low wind resistance, such as an evacuated triangular pyramid grid structure, can be used to reduce the windward area and minimize the impact of wind loads on the structure.
For areas with heavy snow loads, a grid structure with a steep roof slope and less likely to accumulate snow should be selected, such as a diagonal four corner pyramid grid structure, to ensure the safety of the structure under snow conditions.